Global Wine Wars Essay

1. How did the French become the dominant competitors in the increasingly global wine industry for centuries? What sources of competitive advantage were they able to develop to support their exports? Where were they vulnerable? French wine makers also face challenges that are not internal to the industry. For instance, France lost market share in the United States due to informal boycotts in the wake of the Iraq war. The rise of the euro against other currencies, such as the 30% increase relative to the dollar in the last few years, has put French wines at a comparative cost disadvantage. But consensus among experts is that the primary threat to the French export market is internal to the industry: the inability of the appellation system to appeal to what is becoming a global way of understanding wines (Business Report, 2004). France is the largest overall producer of wine, at 5. 3 billion liters of wine in 2001, 20% of world production. France has traditionally set the standard for quality wine as well as defining these standards. French viticulture laws mandates four levels of quality as 1) Appellation d’Origine Controlee (AOC) 2) vins delimite qualite superieure (VDQS) 3) vins du pays and 4) vins du table. French wine makers also face challenges that are not internal to the industry. For instance, France lost market share in the United States due to informal boycotts in the wake of the Iraq war. The rise of the euro against other currencies, such as the 30% increase relative to the dollar in the last few years, has put French wines at a comparative cost disadvantage. But consensus among experts is that the primary threat to the French export market is internal to the industry: the inability of the appellation system to appeal to what is becoming a global way of understanding wines (Business Report, 2004). Although France has been slow to adapt to changing production and consumption trends it was an early player in international partnering and acquisition. The first joint venture was Baron Philippe de Rothschild’s venture with Robert Mondavi to create Opus One in 1979. Gallic presence in the Napa sparkling wine industry is strong as Domaine Caneros, Domain Chandon, Mumm Cuvee Napa, Pieper-Sonoma, and Roederer Estate are all owned by French champagne houses. Pernod Ricard owns wineries in Australia, Argentina, Chile and Spain (Economist, 1999). Most (90%) production is concentrated in California. Started primarily by French and Italian immigrants in the late 1800’s, California’s winemaking tradition is only a few generations old and was interrupted by Prohibition. A global reputation for fine wine is even more recent, when two Napa Valley wines won gold medals at a 1976 blind-tasting competition in Paris, a victory unexpected by the rest of the world, including many Americans (Lukcas, 2000). The US adapted the French appellation system with over 130 approved American Vineyard Appellations ranging in size from the multi-state Ohio River Valley to the smallest, Cole Ranch, a 150 acre property in Mendocino County (Wine Institute, 2003). One of the most acclaimed appellations is Napa Valley. Most American winemakers also label by varietal if a wine contains at least 75% of that varietal by volume. 2. What changes in the global industry structure and competitive dynamics led France and other traditional producers to lose market share to challengers from Australia, United States, and other New World countries in the late twentieth century? International competition on the wine market is characterized by a considerable disparity of strategies used by the different producers and wine-producing regions around the world. New World Challenges Old With the emergence of New World players in the global wine industry many of the Old World players have been losing market share. At first France, Italy, Spain, and Germany simply laughed at the wine-making techniques of the new players -U. S, South America, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. However, it quickly became apparent that the newcomers pose a serious threat to the traditional winemakers. The French were especially hurt when they began to lose their global market share as well as the coveted U. K. market to the Australians. Allows analysis of the way in which newcomers can change the rules of competitive engagement in a global industry. How incumbents can respond, especially when constrained by regulation, tradition, embedded values, and a different set of capabilities than those demanded by the emerging market by changing consumer tastes and market structures. The case contrasts the tradition-bound Old World wine industry with the market-oriented New World producers, the battle for the US market, the most desirable export target in 2009 due to its large, fast-growing, high priced market segments. REINVENTING THE MARKETING MODEL: New World producers revolutionized the packaging and marketing aspects of wine making. Americans and Australians greatly impacted wine packaging by replacing the Old World standard liter bottle with a half-gallon flagon in the U. S. and the innovative â€Å"wine-in-a-box† package in Australia. Australians have been praised for this idea because boxed wine not only saves on shipping costs but it has made storage easier for consumers. Australians have also begun to use screw on caps rather than the traditional corks on premium wines; this is to prevent spoiling due to deficient corks. On the marketing side, New World producers began to differentiate their products to attract customers unaccustomed to wine. Ripple, an American wine was said to be unsophisticated wine and was marketed toward customers unaccustomed to wine. It was wildly successful and led to an increase in branding and marketing alike. These were not the only major changes driven by New World companies, another was distribution. Previously the tasks of grape growing, wine making, distribution, and marketing were handled by different entities, many of which lacked the scale and knowledge to function proficiently. â€Å"In contrast, the large wine companies from the New World typically controlled the full value chain, extracting margins at every level and retaining bargaining power with increasingly concentrated retailers. † Since these producers held responsibility at every level, the quality of the final product was immaculate. Wine Traditionalists felt the New World’s established grape-growing and wine-making ways were embarrassing. Arguing that in their drive for efficiency, consistency, and their desires to cater to less sophisticated palates, New World producers had lost the character that came with more vintage wines made in the traditional fashion. Annoying Old World producers even further was the fact that new wineries would name their wines Burgundy, Champagne,†¦ 3. What advice would you offer today to the French Minister of Agriculture? To the head of the French wine industry association? To the owner of a mid-size, well regarded Bordeaux vineyard producing wines in the premium and super premium categories? Evaluation of different strategies †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Premium & Standard wine market Creation of an accessible French brand The Global wine company (acquisitions and mergers) â€Å"Appellation d’origine controlee† and competitive disadvantage Protectionism versus being marketing oriented.

The Earnings Game: Everyone Plays, Nobody Wins

SHC 4153 Accounting Theory and Practice Case Study The Earnings Game: Everyone Plays, Nobody Wins. Group member: Chong Li Yun| AH090043| Ho Shuang Tien| AH090095| Chua Huey Shieng| AH090053| Lau Foong Seong| AH090126| Aminah binti Nasaruddin| BH100002| Lecturer: Dr. Aniza binti Othman INTRODUCTION It is all about the shares price. The shares market is so active and everybody wants to win in this game. In reality, nobody would want to become a loser. They try to think the best way to gain the advantage and win in this game. Unfortunately, the players in the game used questionable tactics in order to win the game.All players are connected with each other and the winner will only goes to the player who able to control the game. Finally, who will be the loser? It could be the players itself or the outsiders e. g. the citizen who does not play the game. The dynamic share market could make the economy become gloomy and undesirable consequences will be occurs. Most of the companies involved in the earnings game where the companies have desire or have took actions to meet the analysts’ earnings per share predictions. The common players of this game include the companies themselves, analysts, investors, and accounting firms.There are many issues had been arise in the earnings game. ISSUES AND ANALYSIS 1. 0 MANAGEMENT In order to meet the analysts’ expectation on the earnings per share, companies will use some tactics to distort their current earnings even those tactics may against the law or regulations. The tactics included: a) Channel Stuffing Channel Stuffing is a tactic where the companies borrow from future sales to increase current results by selling goods to customers who aren’t ready to buy yet. In order to attract buyers, the companies are willing to take the cost of storing the goods.Sunbeam, consumer appliance maker is a company who use channel stuffing to boost its earnings in winter by selling millions of dollars’ worth of backya rd grills to customers. The customers not really need the goods at that season and they are allowed to defer payment until the spring. b) Premature Revenue Recognition Premature revenue recognition means the companies recording a highly contingent transaction as a firm sale. For example, MicroStrategy, a web software developer recorded the expected revenue from software upgrades other than actual sales.This is different from accrual revenue that allowed in accounting standard which the sales have been confirmed but the revenue has not been received yet. The software upgrades by customers are just an expectation of MicroStrategy. c) Unusual Structure For example, Boston Chicken has an unusual structure by which their hundreds of stores were owned by large regional franchisees called â€Å"financed area developers† or FAD. Boston Chicken lent money to FAD to start the business or open stores. After that, FAD recovered the funds in the form of fees, royalties and interest. There fore, Boston Chicken earns more profits as the stores opened more.However, the funds that they got back from FAD were not their real revenue. 1. 1 Advantages The advantages of doing these tactics are due to several factors. Firstly, they wanted to show a good result to the public especially those investors who are potential to invest in their companies. Therefore, they will either collaborate with accounting firms to show a good audit report, increase their sales by using future sales to replace current sales, communicate with analyst and so on. Regardless of ethical or unethical, what they want is to increase their earning per share (EPS) in order to attract investors.As a result, it can be concluded that channel stuffing, premature revenue recognition and unusual structure have the similar effects to achieve their ultimate goal. 1. 2 Disadvantages For the disadvantages, each approach has different side effects if the method does not work. For channel stuffing, the future sales mig ht be threatened if they cannot find replacement for it. They need to cover for the loan as soon as possible for everything they used this channel stuffing method. If they are failing to cover the loan, probably the person in charged might need to responsible for this matter thoroughly.In the case, CEO of Sunbeam, â€Å"Chainsaw Dunlap†, lost his job and reputation due to channel stuffing. While, for premature revenue recognition, the action actually does not follow the accounting standard because the revenue is recognized before the transaction have been made or before it happens. For example, in the case, MicroStrategy has recorded their future revenue that they expected to collect from software upgrades. This action can cause the company to overstate their sales and it will affect the trueness and fairness of financial statement of the company.Lastly, in order to enhance current earnings at the expenses of future earnings, the unusual structure system has been applied. For example, in the case, Boston Chicken actually acts like a financial institution that give loans for both its franchisees and area developers in order to open new stores. Boston Chicken only creates the impression that their operation is successful and profitable by opened many stores but in reality, the stores was never made any profit. The profits that they gain were not coming from selling chicken but coming from selling franchises.Boston Chicken only wants to boost their Boston Market â€Å"concept† just to increase their earnings per share (EPS). At the end, the system collapsed and the company filed for bankruptcy protection because the company would not able to complete its restructuring plan due to company debt. 2. 0 STAKEHOLDERS There are two main stakeholders that involved in this case which are investors and analysts. All the creative activities that had been done by the management are to meet the expectation of the analysts and at the same time the investors. 2. 1 InvestorsThere is an issue that the investors only depend on earning per share (EPS) as an indicator in making their investment decisions. All of them, no matter those who have the knowledge that EPS show almost nothing about the business’s health or those who know nothing, still follow the trend of relying on only EPS in making their investment decisions even though some of them may know it is unreasonable to do so. They will abandon those shares that could not achieve the quarterly expectation without referring other information. For them, EPS is the easy indicator to know whether the company is performing well or not.However, EPS are not accurate and adequate indicator to show the performance of company because EPS can easily to be manipulated in the market to attract investors to look at the outstanding share of a company’s stock. The higher EPS, the more investors can be attracted. Although investors know that the investment is a very risky, they do not have inte ntions to look other than EPS. This situation can cause some of the investors gain more profit or vice versa. 2. 2 Analysts Analysts as the intermediaries only focus on the earnings estimates.Furnishing correct earnings estimates is what analysts are paid to do. The accuracy of their forecasts would help analysts maximize compensation; gain reputation and ranking on various analysts and at the same time manage their workload. Therefore, they are more willing to focus on earning rather than analyze the other information of the company. 3. 0 ETHICAL ISSUES Most of the organization has been collapsed because of ethical issue practiced in the organization. Same goes to the company, if this ethical issue never had been settled, they will face the same situation like other company faced it before. . 1 Collaboration of company management and analyst Even though there is a regulation for fair disclosure, company management still finds a loophole to collaborate with analysts in influencing a nd manipulating their expectation or forecast value on share. Although it is not against the law, it is unethical for them to control and influence the stock market by collaborating under the table. It is unfair to the investors who seem to be the puppets controlled and influenced by others. 3. 2 Auditors Auditors stretch the regulation to keep the good relationships with the client.Although the auditors know every creative actions and creative accounting of the companies, they still pretend do not know anything in order to retain their clients which contribute to their revenue. It is unethical for them to do so, although it may be legal for companies to do so, however, as auditors, they have the responsible to disclose any actions which may shaken the daily operation and going concern of the companies. RECOMMENDATION 4. 0 ROLE OF ANALYSTS Analysts should be independence and make the risk analysis without influences by the companies’ management team.By providing accurate and sufficient information, investors are able to make their judgments based on their knowledge. An independence body should be established to govern the analysts in order to monitor the analysts and ready to take discipline action once misconduct happened. 5. 0 ROLE OF COMPANIES 5. 1 To include annual plan in quarter earnings report Since quarter earnings report is used as a reference to identify whether the company is doing well or not, companies should enclosed annual plan in the quarter earnings report.This can provide a clearer view to the investors about the company’s plan in one year time. Investors also can understand deeply on how the company is doing besides put all their attentions on the earning per share (EPS) only. 5. 2 To implement the shareholders forum Company should give a platform the shareholders to voice out their opinion. Shareholders would able to monitor the management and give opinion to the management actions. 6. 0 ROLE OF AUDITORS An auditor should foll ow the code of conduct. As an independence body, an auditor should give true and fair view of the financial statements. . 0 ROLE OF INVESTORS The investor should adequate them self with investment knowledge, where do not too depends on the EPS as an indicators. As an intelligent investor, they should prepare them self before they enter the game. For example, attend some investment course or self-learning through internet. The investor has to know how to analyze the financial statement which also indicates the prospective to the company. For example, the training, introducing a new product or investment in R&D will increase the company future value.Means while, there will be a high probability of company default if there are high bad debts or contingency assets. CONCLUSION In a nutshell, as we know and also mentioned in the case, the only solution to stop this game is for all the companies willing to abandon it. Therefore, the recommendations we suggested involving all parties in thi s game to change their mindset and have a brand new start in the corporate world. Everyone plays their own parts ethically to make this world have a brighter future. With the cooperation of all parties, the â€Å"Earnings Game† will be game over as soon as possible.

Critically discuss how one method in Media and Cultural Studies Essay

Critically discuss how one method in Media and Cultural Studies presented in term 2 of the module has been applied to an aspect of everyday life - Essay Example In terms of media-oriented cultural studies, and with the onslaught of various media brought about by post-globalization, ethnography have developed several methods that have departed itself from the traditional concept of qualitative research to a more reflexive approach that is more dependent in terms of interpretations, analysis, and assumptions of the researcher (Barker, p. 32-33). This paper is aimed at studying the application of various ethnographic methods through up-to-date, relevant examples of its usage and provides an analysis of each of the methods’ strengths and weaknesses. A classic ethnographic method that has undergone a postmodern approach is participant observation. Traditionally, participant observation involves empirical field work through participation in the day-to-day activities of the object of study with informal interviews towards better understanding of the meaning and reasoning behind the activities being performed. The time frame of study varies but has steadily declined over the years due to the cost and complexity of the method (as cited in Pickering, p. 107-108). With the proliferation of mass media such as television and internet, participant observations have become part of a pop cultural phenomenon not only dedicated in educating people about various cultures of isolated ethnic groups but creating a spectacle out of it. Take for instance National Geographic Channel’s Meet the Natives UK (2007) and Discovery Channel’s Adventures of Mark and Olly: Living with the Kombai (2007). Both television programs are aimed at documenting culture through the eyes of the observers—through their own interpretation of the culture. In Meet the Natives UK (2007), five tribesmen from Tanna in the South Pacific made the journey to Britain to observe and participate on various aspects of the English’ culture. With it, the tribesmen would constantly analyze and compare Britain’s culture [and technology] from their own thus

Space Shuttles Flight Path Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Space Shuttles Flight Path - Essay Example In an approximately a two minute time interval, the two boosters are spent and are separated from the external tank. Once spent, they fall into the ocean at predetermined points and are recovered for reuse. After about eight minutes firing of the engines shuts down, and the craft is injected into orbit. At this time, the external tank is then separated from the orbiter, and is sent into a ballistic trajectory in a designated, yet remote area of the ocean, and is not intended for recuperation. The engine system is constituted of thirty eight primary Reaction Control System (RCS) engines and six vernier RCS engines. RCS are used for maneuvering leverage. Reaction control system release of the engines is done in sequential separation from the orbiter. Initiation of the Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS) engines fires the orbiter into orbit. OMS are used to increase velocity on the orbiter's maneuvers. Two OMS execute the orbiter into orbit, while only one thrust sequence is utilized for deorbit. Velocity is attained at approximately 25, 405 feet per second (17,322 statute miles per hour). Deorbit requires a decrease of velocity at about 300 fps (205 mph) for reentry. In the initial entry sequence, the RCS engines control the attitude (i.e. pitch, roll and yaw) of the orbiter, as aerodynamic pressure builds toward activation of the primary reaction control system engine inhibitors. High temperatures induced by entry, are mitigated by a reusable thermal protection system over the entire orbiter. Once unpowered, the orbiter glides to Earth and lands with aviation instrumentation with nominal touchdown at 186 to 196 knots of speed (i.e. 213 to 213 to 225 miles per hour. Risk assessment and cost mitigation management planning in the space community is prefaced by the prediction that satellites have disasters of their own. On February 24, 2009, orbit of the OCO satellite failed as it was being carried into space when the Taurus rocket carrying the craft detached and crashed into the sea near Antarctica. Initial launch of the Observatory was followed by reschedule of the project. In terms of statistical significance probabilistic risk projections of satellite failure and especially satellite collisions are almost impossible to predict. In consideration of the primary differences between accident risk and other types of risk such as public health mitigation of toxicological risk are located in: 1) the derivative of hazard utility to cost; 2) and longitudinal repercussions of consequences of risk. Accidents, while potentially easier to evaluate and hence, mitigate according to engineering systems analysis, may include environmental disasters unknown or statistically insignificant (i.e. outer space satellite collisions). Costs may be high due to level of technological process included in such systemic models of risk accountability, but potential for adherence to regulatory expectation is high in professional settings where scientific analysis and expert operation of technological endeavors eliminates random human errors by laypersons. Here the garbage in and garbage out scenario works best, as garbage can be understood and controlled through incorporation of monitoring into mitigation strategies. A schematic showing the arrangement of the valves in the main propulsion system of Mars Observer (Harland, 2005). The development of universal Safety and Hazard Analysis sources by NASA and their impact on manufacturing

Culture History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Culture History - Essay Example Because it is only through the material remains discovered that some peoples and cultures are now known to have existed, we can only understand these societies by comparing what has been left behind with other cultures that we have more knowledge about. We can interpret the findings in many different ways, all of which may contain some truth relating to the original society, but perhaps none of which offers any accuracy. Yet culture history can provide some accuracy as it is constrained by the artifacts found and the necessities common to all human life. In considering the idea of culture history, it must be acknowledged that nothing is certain regarding our interpretations, but it is also a very real part of our present existence. While we do not have the first-hand accounts of the 15th-century diarist, we do have the ability to compare to human needs as they are expressed today. â€Å"The only way in which we can understand their meaning [the artifacts] – if you will, the way in which we can state the archaeological record in words – is by knowing something about how these material things came into being, about how they have been modified, and about how they acquired the characteristics we see today. That understanding is dependent upon a large body of knowledge which links human activities to the consequences of those activities that may be apparent in material things† (Binford, 19). In the end, we learn more about ourselves because of archaeological study into cultural history.

Organization Behaviour and Leadership Development Scenarios Essay

Organization Behaviour and Leadership Development Scenarios - Essay Example Scenario two setting involved unifying two competing junior employees i.e. Rosa and oli by finding common and unifying ideas, hence unifying them is of great importance in meeting the company objectives. The objective of this scenario was to get oli and Rosa to agree on maintaining customer retention in the call center at 65 % and also getting everyone to agree on using automated phone system. The steps I took to resolve this scenario were, actively listening to oli and Rosa, encouraging oli and Rosa to communicate to help reach an effective agreement, through asserting my leadership power toward ending the squabbles between them. Using work strategies tactics of constantly reminding them the goal of the organization in addition to using tension strategies where I introduced relaxing ideas that aimed to eliminate tension created by oli and Rosa The key learning point that emerged from this scenario was that tension in at workplace can lead to little work being accomplished, it is of great paramount to stay neutral where employee friction is involved in order to help them out, through focusing on goals of organization and constant reminder help people to work harmoniously, effective communication within organization facilitate dialogue that helps to resolve dialogue between employees and creating a kind of numeration system that helps employers to cooperate and work together.Supporting theory and academic insight for this scenario can be derived from democratic leadership.... ning to oli and Rosa, encouraging oli and Rosa to communicate to help reach an effective agreement, through asserting my leadership power toward ending the squabbles between them. Using work strategies tactics of constantly reminding them the goal of the organization in addition of using tension strategies where I introduced relaxing ideas that aimed to eliminate tension created by oli and Rosa The key learning point that emerged from this scenario was that tension in at work place can lead to little work being accomplished, it is of great paramount to stay neutral where employee friction is involved in order to help them out, through focusing on goals of organization and constant reminder help people to work harmoniously, effective communication within organization facilitate dialogue that help to resolve dialogue between employees and creating a kind of numeration system that help employee to cooperate and work together to achieve set goals in addition to engagement in team buildin g exercises. Supporting theory and academic insight for this scenario can be derive from democratic leadership , which is characterized by emphasizes in group participation , where decision and discussion are encouraged by leaders hence giving team member a voice in decision making (Goleman, 2000). Democratic leadership style builds flexibility and responsibility in an organization which in turn help in generating new ideas. . (Goleman, 2000).Through listening to team members in an organization which is encouraged by democratic leadership, leaders learn to resolve dispute between employees and in decision making. (Goleman, 2000). Third Scenario The third scenario set up was learning to manage up, where it is critical important for a leader to mange his juniors but at the same time have

Managing Expectations in Business and Personal Life Essay

Managing Expectations in Business and Personal Life - Essay Example Keeping a balance between personal and professional life is extremely difficult. Both business/professional life and personal life are filled with immense stress in the current world because of the increased commitments of people towards, their family, profession and society. Managing expectations in personal professional life are extremely difficult because of these commitments. This paper briefly explains the management of expectations in personal and professional life. At the center of every influential person and organization is the effective management of expectations (Cacace MBA, PMP, p.18). A professional always have a dual life; personal and professional. In fact a profession is required by an individual for making his/her personal life enjoyable. So it is not wise for a person to concentrate heavily on professional life by neglecting the needs of personal life. For example, most of the working women try to keep their babies in daycare centers even at a much younger stage when the infant badly in need of the mothers care and love, in order to fulfill their professional commitments. Such habits will destroy the physical and mental development of the child for who they work. In other words, they are trying to provide a better life to their children at one side while destroying their life on the other side. They must try to keep a balance between these two sides by taking as much as break from the profession when their children are badly in need of their presence, love and care. When your intentions are not in perfect alignment with expectations, and expectations are not in sync with requirements and objectives; you are putting too much faith in luck and relinquishing control to chaos (Cacace MBA, PMP, p.18). Expectations should be realistic and objective based. Expectations and requirements should have synchronization. There is no point in expecting a trip to sun as it is unrealistic. Also, it is not logical for an uneducated person to expect

The Different Aspects of Employee Engagement Term Paper

The Different Aspects of Employee Engagement - Term Paper Example With the evolvement of the workplace and the workforce, organizations realize that to succeed in the search for talent, they have to first succeed in winning over employees through elements such as trust, justice, and perceptions and through practices that make their roles clear. Amongst the major factors that improve employee engagement are changing management and effective communication systems. Theorists have held that companies that can unlock the secrets of employee engagement can benefit from maximum profits (Vance, 2006). Literature Review Research has suggested that employee engagement and a high level of psychological well being of workers plays a major role in achieving organizational objectives related to successful and profitable organizations. The psychological well being of any company is directly associated with performance levels. Studies conducted by Folger and Cropanzano (1998) have revealed that workers experiencing higher levels of psychological well-being work be tter and that this well being is a superior forecaster of work performance than job satisfaction. According to Robinson et al (2004), employee engagement is defined as â€Å"A positive attitude held by the employee towards the organization and its values. An engaged employee is aware of business context and works with colleagues to improve performance within the job for the benefit of the organization† (Robinson et al, 2004, p.5). The concept of employee engagement was first introduced by Kahn (1990) whereby he held that in being engaged, employees are emotional, cognitively and physically involved while working in the organization. Another aspect of employee engagement is the flow relative to holistic sensations that are experienced by workers while performing their roles with complete involvement. This flow is the mental condition whereby a minimal distinction is made amongst the self and the working environment and while employees are in such flow, they do not need to exer t many conscious controls while working.  

Bellingham City budget cut Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bellingham City budget cut - Research Paper Example the services and duties carried out in the Bellingham City Police department and then determine which of these services and staff should be let go in order for the department to operate within its budgetary allocation without collapsing. I will also look at some of the duties that can be merged or reassigned so as to reduce financial constraints in the department. Law enforcement in cases of robbery, burglary and murder is one of the normal operations of a police department. Police duties also include maintaining order. Order maintenance is normally done during police patrols in different areas of jurisdiction. Police services are also part of the standard police operations in the US. These services range from giving first aid to creating safety awareness among people. All these operations are supposed to contribute to the security and other needs of the community (Dempsey and Forst, 2009). Different officers carry out different tasks in the police departments depending on their level of competence. These officers are normally trained in police training academies, most of which are run by police departments. Different areas have different security and police service needs. Therefore, one police department cannot be completely similar to another in terms of operations. For instance, burglary prevention may be a priority in one police department and drug trafficking may be a priority in another department. The staffing and budgetary allocation needed for these departments will therefore differ, depending on the security needs of a particular area (Talaga and Tucci, 2008). There are some services that are redundant and can be removed in order to streamline the police department’s budget. These are the services that do not contribute much to the major interests of a particular police department (McKenna and Evans, 1994). Some of these services have been discussed below, outlining their pros and cons, as well as why the cons outweigh the pros. Police departments

Leadership - Paper assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership - Paper assignment - Essay Example In addition, she won several contests and awards such as Peabody Award. The road to becoming a star strengthened while she was Chicago where she met Quincy Jones and Stedman Graham, who have remained influential in her leading role. She became the first African American to own a national television program (Garson, 2011). Oprah Winfrey’s leadership remains manifested in her entrepreneurial endeavors. She belongs to the fourth level of celebrities described as celebrity entrepreneurs. The characteristics representative of this level include well established business tycoons who preside over their personal empires, and goes beyond endorsing and claiming control of their products. Some of her attributes encompass a sense of self-making, wide audience appeal, over element of business knowledge and understanding, and a celebrity status that enhances appeal. In addition, she exists as an individual corporation, maintains a indistinct line between her private and public life, liked b y many, niche finder and a tastemaker given her influence over public opinions. All these attributes reveal her influences, influence, and styles in leadership (Miller, 2004). The Disney Company exists as one of the long-term outstanding film producing companies in the United States. Disney upholds a film legacy from a Marxist, cultural studies, feminist, and post structuralism perspective. The company also bears a twofold role as both a cultural producing company and an American symbol. Thus, the company continues to maintain its brand name on the values of conservative American families. The film productions address a variety of contemporary issues. These issues include nature, heritage of fairy tales, engendered images of science, gender performance, technology, business, class, race, family, and translations of oral culture to visual texts. The ideology of Disney Company demonstrates how representation, identity, and power comprise the substantial positions in American cultural struggles (Bell & Sells, 1995). The Disney Company experienced a lengthy and complex relation to the lesbian and gay community. This became criticized based on how animations, theme parks, television series, merchandise, and live action films from the company provided ideas and traits that the gay culture readily embraced. This historical occurrence created an ambiguous legacy on how modern advertising and consumption affected ways in which gay men and lesbians express their sexuality. During this particular point in history, Oprah Winfrey’s leadership influence would have altered the ambiguous legacy of Disney while reinforcing the organization’s image especially to the gay and lesbian community (Bell & Sells, 1995). Oprah Winfrey also experienced an almost similar occurrence when the Independent Cattlemen’s Association of Texas placed a suit against her, claiming that she had ridiculed the production and distribution of beef products. This made her to relocate her daily show to Texas while working on the suit. However, she won the case. Concerning Disney’s historical case, Oprah’s leadership would have similarly reformed the legacy of the company given her strong and well-known leadership attributes. Given the self-made man ethos as well as the spirit of entrepreneurship as part of the cultural dimension of United States, it would be no surprise that Oprah would have utilized her celebrity power in

Kampung Desa Essay Example for Free

Kampung Desa Essay Life was a bed of roses for the villagers of Kampung Desa until a gang of robbers had fled from a police station near the village recently. They were on the most wanted list by the police since they had harmed victims before. Ever since their getaway, there had been abundant of reports involving robbery occurring in Kampung Desa. Most victims were unable to identify the culprits because they were wearing masks. The villagers of Kampung Desa had been warned by the police to stay on guard at all times. The villagers were beginning to worry. Some of them immediately installed home security alarms and grille to protect their homes. Due to this alert, the chief of the village, Pak Ali, had to take quick actions. He had no idea what to do. But he cannot give up because there is more than one-way to skin a cat. He discussed with all the villagers and made a conclusion to carry out patrols, which will take effect the following night. In order for this plan to work out, they need to unite and fight those robbers together. The chief also advised all villagers to inform the authorities of suspicious activities happening in their village. see more:forgiveness is divine On that night, a whistle was blown to call the men in the village to assemble in front of Pak Ali’s house. He divided them into groups. Each group will be on guard according to their shifts. They were very enthusiastic and promised not to sleep on the job. The chief noticed the absence of Pak Said, the village’s foreman. He was puzzled. Pak Said never missed any of the village’s activities even if he was ill. Pak Said is known to be very industrious. Pak Ali went over to Pak Said’s house. It was as dark as a dungeon. Pak Ali man up and knocked on the door. Pak Said opened the door with a sour face. Pak Ali greeted him with a warm smile and asked why he did not join the night patrol. Pak Said furiously mocked the patrol by saying it was a waste of time and a wildcat scheme. Pak Ali was willing to compromise with him if he wanted an earlier shift. Of course, that made Pak Said even more enraged. Pak Ali explained that it would be unfair if he lets Pak Said slip away without any sensible reason because all the other men had participated. Pak Said proudly exclaimed that he has three strong sons to watch over his family through thick and thin. Then, he slammed the door before Pak Ali could say anything. Eventually, Pak Ali had to give up. But deep inside his heart, he scorned Pak Said. Who would have thought that his best friend would be so arrogant and self-centered? How could such a man feel no remorse? Nobody knew the robbers were lurking in the dead of the night behind Pak Said’s house. Just as Pak Ali left his house, the robbers were already eyeing on the unlocked door. Pak Said had forgotten to lock his front door after talking to Pak Ali. Pak Said, his wife and his three sons were already sailing in the sea of dreams. This gave an opportunity for the robbers to easily enter his house without anybody’s acknowledgement. Unfortunately, the robbers did not find any valuable goods in the living room, kitchen, dining room nor the storeroom. They were dissatisfied and decided to use force. The careless Pak Said did not lock his bedroom door either. This was indeed like a warm welcome to the robbers. They managed to tie up his wife. He quickly became aware of the robbers. Thanks to his spinal reflex, he bolted out of the room when he had the chance and deliberately ran into his sons’ room. His sons attempted to ambush the robbers. However, the robbers outnumbered them and hit them with a vase until they were knocked out. Pak Said was filled with terror after witnessing the apples of his eyes battered. He was on thin ice at that moment. He had no other choice than to call for help from the patrols. He was wiling to sacrifice his pride for the safe keep of his family’s lives. He screamed for help. To his disbelief, someone heard him and spontaneously blew a whistle. A crowd of people ran toward Pak Said’s house. The robber were frightened of getting caught, so they deserted their loot and hastily ran away but the crowd was able to seize them in the nick of time and tied them to a pole. A stitch in time saves nine. Those brutal robbers could have taken the lives of Pak Said’s family. The police department was straight away notified. Pak Said dashed out of his house and begged someone to call for an ambulance because his sons were severely injured. Pak Ali, whom he ridiculed, called an ambulance even after Pak Said bad-mouthed him earlier. Pak Said was in awe. He was ashamed of what he had said to Pak Ali. He apologised to Pak Ali and all the other villagers for what he had said about them. He should have think before he speaks. He now perceived the real meaning of unity and is forever in great debt for what the villagers had done for him. They all forgave him because to err is human and to forgive is divine.

Water Pollution Essay Example for Free

Water Pollution Essay One of the major issues that are of great concern in my town is how toxic heavy metals have been deposited into flowing waters. Toxic heavy metals in water, is as a result of untreated pollute deposited into lakes, streams, rivers, by manufacturing industries which in turn is consumed by domestic users. The effluent from such industry is deposited into water bodies or could be washed away from the top soils by flood into drainages which is emptied into such water bodies. The presence of these undesirable elements in foods (fish) is due to the ingestion of water containing industrial and domestic influent. Most of these heavy metals are deposited in the liver of certain vertebrates and fatty tissues of fishes. The amount of each of these elements present in the fish depends on such variables as the amount present in the food chain, size and age of the fishes. Most of these heavy metals (which include Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc e. t. c) are toxic and hazardous to man depending on their concentration in food. Conclusion From my findings, I will recommend that waste from these manufacturing Industries be treated properly, recycled and be properly disposed. Reference D. G. Rickard and M. E. R Dully (1983) Environmental Pollution: Beries. B

Media Analysis: Banning Beauty and the Beast in Malaysia

Media Analysis: Banning Beauty and the Beast in Malaysia Banning and Censorship of Beauty and The Beast in Malaysia: An Analysis on News Values and News Frames. This article analyses the news reports on the banning and censorship of movie Beauty and The Beast in Malaysia. In order to analyse the news reports, four articles from different media outlets had been selected to compare and contrast the news representation. The articles that had been chosen are the one by Malaysias The Star (Malaysias neutral newspaper), the UKs Daily Mail and The Independent (to compare the news reports taken from a newswire and the one with authors by-line) and a news report by Bloomberg (the first foreign media to report this issue). All these media outlets report news on banning and censorship of Beauty and The Beast as it sparks controversies among Muslim majority Malaysians due to its gay scene. That gay moment has raised concerns among the public as it is inappropriate for children viewing and it is also claimed to promote negative values where homosexuality is strictly prohibited in Malaysia under both religious and secular laws. In the movie, the character Le Fou played by Josh Gad was seen to be confused about his sexuality. Following this issue, Malaysias Film Censorship Board had requested the gay moment scene to be cut, making it suitable for Malaysian viewers, especially children below the age of 13. The main purpose of this analysis is to study the way journalists frame censorship news. Throughout the analysis, the frames and values have been highlighted together with explanations of what makes the frames to be newsworthy. First, all four news articles framed Beauty and The Beast as the gay moment. According to Lupton (2006), event or issues that are considered to have news value or to be newsworthy are indicative of a bigger concern of society. This suggests that in order to select a news frame, the news angle itself has to be newsworthy. Similarly, Gamson and Modigliani (1989) believe that news framing is a media process of highlighting an issue which also could be perceived as to give meaning to an issue. With regards to Beauty and The Beast defined as the gay moment, it sparks a huge debate in Malaysia as media censorship also does not only apply to print and online media but it also bans songs and movies that insult Islam as religion of the constitution, as well as those that encourage acceptance of gay. In an article by The Independent, Malaysias Film Censorship Board chairman Abdul Halim Abdul Hamid described gay moment as unsuitable because many children will be watching this movie despite its very short scene of 4.30 minutes and rated PG 13, indicating some content might be appropriate for pre-teens. According to Wan Mahmud (2007) among elements that are forbidden include contradicting Islamic rules (fatwa) by the State Islamic Councils as wells as those that endanger Malaysian norms and values. Contradictory, an article by Daily Mail portrays that the films director Bill Condon had a very different view as he claims that this is Disneys first exclusive gay moment. Entman (1991) clarifies that framing is measured by a few aspects such as moral judgements, cultural values and what forces create the problem. The different ways of news framing suggest that the way media framed news is to shape what the public should read instead of what the public should know. Goffman (1974) suggests that frame is perceived as the cognitive patterns or maps where the media use to emphasise and render information into a series of newsworthy events. This also suggests that journalists are dep endent on frames to select what to include in a story and what should be eliminated. At the same time, as Islam is the religion of the constitution in Malaysia, news on banning or movie censorship has always been closely related to local customs and culture. Yopp and McAdams, 2003) suggests that when selecting stories, journalists and editors are drawn one or more of the following criteria: i) timeliness, ii) prominence, iii) emotional effect, iv) magnitude v) oddity, vi) proximity vii) impact, vii) conflict. This suggests that media practitioners must strive to report and to package news according to the values and with regards to this issue, it involves proximity, emotional effect and conflict. Not just that, journalists also use news frame to present human interest story. By analysing the news articles, three foreign news outlet emphasised about Malaysias law on homosexuality or gay behaviour in their news reports. In Bloomberg, Daily Mail and The Independent, homosexuality is defined as a criminal offence. Caudill and Ashdown (1989) suggest that uncommon, up-to-date, provocative or affects a large scale of people is most likely to receive coverage by the media. Dunwoody and Griffin (1990) suggests that journalist could gain readership by creating controversy between two or more standpoints. In this issue of banning Beauty and the Beast, religious view and punishment towards homosexuality could be perceived as the standpoints that make the news controversial. This also suggests that journalists will look for anything with the human angle when they have to decide that to write a news report. Goffman (1974) suggests that frame is perceived as the cognitive patterns or maps w here the media use to emphasise and render information into a series of newsworthy events. For example, Daily Mail, Bloomberg and the Independent clearly mentioned that homosexuality in Malaysia would lead to fine, imprisonment and corporal punishment. Nevertheless, Nik Hassan (2007) argues as news frame also suggests treatments for the issue, offers remedies and predicts the likely effect rather than just raising anxiety to public. This is different compared to the local media (The Star) which only reports about the consequences and solution for the issue. In The Star news report, its report is solely on the possible delay for Beauty and The Beast screening, also the consequence that the movie might be pulled out of Malaysian cinema due to Malaysias Film Censorship Board request to cut the gay scene. Consequently, the way media frame news is crucial as they are capable of influencing the publics belief and also to determine the final resolution of publics concern. This is supported by Entman (2007) he suggests news frames are designed to make target audience think, feel and decide in a specific way. Not just that, Dixon and Clarke (2003) believe that controversial reports actively shape the way readers understand the issue. Despite the traditional news values and frames that are already embedded in their routine, some journalists construct news differently from its nature. On the other hand, Daily Mail (by AFP) cited senior mufti for Malaysias northern Perak state Harussani Zakaria, saying that the Western behaviour has gone awry that Malaysian should guard themselves thus, the movie must be banned. This is surprisingly different from Bloomberg, The Star and The Independent as none of these media outlet cited a religion expert in their news report. Myrick (2002) suggests by including diverse viewpoints, journalists could achieve fairness and balance, avoiding distortion by personal feelings and prejudices. With regards to news value and frame, Kiousis (2004) claim that this has to do with the idea that more visible and will be more prominent on publics mind. It is also vital to note that different parties compete to shape the frame of a news story. Moreover, by framing Beauty and The Beast as the negative behaviour of the society, it does meet the standards of newsworthiness such as emotional effect and conflict. For a Muslim majority Malaysians, the p ress desire to publish sensational stories to attract readership is fulfilled hence the focus on controversy, drama, human interest and brevity. Nik Hassan (2007) claims that to present news with human interest value, journalist use framing to package the idea, make sense of it and suggest the issue to the public who rely on mediated news for information. On the other hand, all three foreign media reports were merely focusing on the banning of Beauty and The Beast as the gay moment and Malaysias law against homosexuality rather that educating and informing the public about media censorship in the country. This suggests that the words homosexual and gay play a major role in shaping a news story. Correspondingly, Entman (2007) claims that media framing involves section that highlights certain criteria of an issue to promote salience among the public. Thus, this also proposes that the media has successfully selected the frame of the issue by highlighting a few words that trigger the pu blics attention and emotion. In the nutshell, every media outlet has its own agenda by the way it frames and selects the story where the main news frame is Beauty and The Beast defined as the negative behaviour of the society. Similarly, Maher (2001) claims framing and agenda setting are related that they emphasis on the selection of ideas or criteria in a news coverage to promote its message to the public. By analysing all four articles, it can be concluded that all foreign media articles emphasised on the word gay in their news articles. The Independent and Bloomberg, for example, had the word gay in the title itself which surely catches readers attention. Compared to Daily Mail and The Star, the titles for these two articles are rather neutral and did not come out with anything controversial. Furthermore, Bloomberg, The Independent and Daily Mail had the word gay moment at the lead paragraph which suggest that all these media outlets perceived the word to has its own newsworthiness that it also define the con cept of the movie despite its very short scene. As mentioned, news frames are from time to time tied to agenda setting in exploring how a certain issue become the focus of media, public attention and policy change (McKeever, 2013). By evaluating the content that makes the news, this analysis helps to determine which frames and news value might be the most effective in making the story newsworthy and marketable. References. Caudill E, Ashdown P. The New England Journal of Medicine as news source. Journ Q 1989; 66:458- 62. Dunwoody, S. Griffin, R. (1993). Journalistic strategies for reporting long-term environmental issues: A case study of three Superfund sites. In A. Hansen Entman, R. 1991. Framing US Coverage of International News. Journal of Communication, No. 41, pp. 15-18. Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of  Communication, 57, pp. 91-95. Goffman, E. (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.p. 1. Gamson, W. Modigliani, A. (1989). Media discourse and public opinion on  nuclear power: A Constructionist Approach. American Journal of  Sociology, 95(1), 7 21. Kiousis, S. (2004). Explicating media salience: A Factor Analysis of New York Times Issue Coverage During The 2000 Presidential Election. Journal of Communication, 54, 62-71. Maher, M. T. (2001). Framing: An emerging paradigm or a phase of agenda setting. In S. D. Reese, O. H. Gandy, A. E. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life: Perspectives  on media and our understanding of the social world, pp. 79-84. McKeever, B.W., 2013. News Framing of Autism. Science Communication, 35(2), SAGE, pp.213-240. Yopp, J. McAdams, K. (2003). Reaching Audiences: A Guide to Media Writing  3rd ed. Boston: Allyn Bacon, p. 8.

Feminist Refutation of the Deconstruction of The True Confessions of Ch

A Feminist Refutation of the Deconstruction of The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle  Ã‚   As Captain Jaggery’s ostensibly moral imperative from Avi’s The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle implores, we the readers â€Å"protect the natural order of the world† through our disbelief in our heroine as reflected in our intuitive reflection upon and deconstructionalist critique of the book.  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, it is likely that our disbelief of Charlotte’s story is as much a comment on our attitudes towards gender roles as it is an educated and thoughtful response to its clues.   Even as we find ourselves believing along with the story, we, upon reflection, find valid ways to destroy that believability, in no small part because we define what she does as either â€Å"female† (believable) and â€Å"male† (not believable). The preceding was provided so that the student could gain an understanding of the paper. The complete paper begins below: So what we have here is a girl who admits she owns the weapon that murdered Mr. Hollybrass.   A girl who lied about where she got it.   A girl who was taught to use a blade, and learned to use it, as Mr. Grimes would have it, ‘uncommon’ well.   A girl who, all agree, is unnatural in every way she acts.   Gentlemen, do we not, as natural men, need to take heed?   Is it not our duty, our obligation, to protect the natural order of the world? (Avi, 178) As Captain Jaggery’s ostensibly moral imperative from Avi’s The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle implores, we the readers â€Å"protect the natural order of the world† through our disbelief in our heroine as reflected in our intuitive reflection upon and deconstructionalist critique of the book.  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, it is likely that our disbelief of Charlotte’s story is a... ...ive to males.   This in itself indicates a gender expectation on the part of the reader, one that predisposes the reader to disbelieve and should lead us all to re-examine our motivations in deconstructing the text.  Ã‚   Moreover, females and males alike colored Charlotte’s adaptation to her circumstances with a movement from a female role to a male role as if gender roles were intractable and binding from both the male and female points of view -- she wouldn’t be able to do it, despite the fact that quite possibly her own survival dictated she probably could have not done otherwise!   Once again, logic dictates that we at least acknowledge that our inability to accept Charlotte’s account could be more of a reflection of our gender expectations than her twisting of the truth.    Works Cited: Avi. The True Confessions of Charlotte Doyle. New York: Avon Books.1990.

Comparing Creation Myths of Ancient Egypt and The Christian Bible Essay

Comparing Creation Myths of Ancient Egypt and The Christian Bible Creation in Ancient Egyptian religion can be much different than the creation account taken from The Bible. Genesis has a set description of â€Å"The Beginning† while there are several different versions and variations in Egyptian mythology. The versions range from a â€Å"one god† myth (Ptah; see picture) to the more common creator out of Nun, which in itself has several derivations. The Ogdoad is a grouping of eight gods that existed before the creator and formed him. This version is taken from Middle Egypt at Hermopolis. The eight gods consisted of Amun, Huh, Kuk, and Nun and their counterparts (i.e. Nun and Naunet). They came together to create an egg that contains the creator (Baines, 1991). This is the point at which variations will occur. Inside the egg there could be gods (Re, Atum, or sometimes even Thoth) or a Blue Lotus. This Lotus would come forth from the egg and rise high into the darkness to a young god, Amen-Re. (The egg was surrounded by Nun which contained the Ogdoad. The Ogdoad consisted of four serpents and four frogs.)(Egyptian Creation Story, pg. 1) The child radiates light and banishes the darkness. He destroyed the silence with his Word and thus creation began. He then constructed a mound for which he could sit upon. (The Benben Stone, which was kept in Heliopolis, was said to have been the mound upon which the creator god, in this case Re, sat.(Redford)) In a different account the mound came forth from the waters of Nun bearing the egg and a falcon emerged. This falcon soared into the air and took its place as the sundisk (Redford). The falcon could also be represented by a winged insect such as a beetle or as a golden falcon. Another variat... ... is reality. If this type of thinking were to be followed one would come to realize that all the gods and goddesses did exist and so did the events told time and again in story. They were alive in the conscience of society. Creation did begin with Nun, yet it also began with God creating the heavens and the earth. Everything depends on time, place, and perception of reality. WORKS CITED Holy Bible. New International Version. Zondervan. Grand Rapids, Michigan. 1984. Genesis Chapter 1. John Baines, Leonard H. Lesko, David P. Silverman. Religion in Ancient Egypt. New York Cornell University Press 1991. Pages 92-100. Ancient Egyptian Religion. http://www.egypt-tehuti.com/religion.html. Pages 2 and 3 of 5. Egyptian Creation Story. http://members.aol.com/kheph777/mideast/mythos/egyptcrt.html. Page 1 of 3. Redford, Professor Donald. Oral Communication

Essay --

Schroeder 1 Hunter Schroeder Ms. Caturano Honors English 9 January 2013 Independent Reading: Connections Connection: Going to Extremes For Love The Hunger Games is set in world called Panem that was once America, before the Capitol was overcome in some unexplained, apocalyptic war. As punishment for that aggression, the remains were divided into 12 districts. Every year each district has to send one boy and one girl between 12 and 18 years old, chosen by lottery, to compete in a nationally televised event called â€Å"the Hunger Games.† The purpose of this is to create a mass killing spree with only one survivor. What really twists this storyline is when two tributes from the same district fall in love and fight to protect each other until they are the last ones left in the games. The two go to extreme measures to keep one another out of danger. â€Å"You're still trying to protect me. Real or not real," he whispers. "Real," I answer. "Because that's what you and I do, protect each other† (Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games). Because the hunger games is such a gruesome event, the things Katniss and Peeta did for each other aren't typical things couples would give up for eachother. These two would share supplies and weapons along with going as far as killing off an attacking enemy. Seeing how far Katniss and Peeta were willing to go to be with each other gave me a better understanding of why Romeo and Juliet fought to never let anything get in between them. Even though Romeo is a Montague and Juliet is a Capulet and the two families have an ancient rivalry they did not let that stand in the way of being with each other. â€Å"O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name! Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, ... ...ena. â€Å"You love me. Real or not real?" I tell him, "Real.† (Suzanne Collins, The Hunger Games). Even though Katniss and Peeta are so young, they truly believe that they are in love. This changes my opinion of Romeo and Juliet and leads me to believe that they really could have been in love so young. Romeo and Juliet were a mere 13 and 14 when they claimed to fall madly in love and get married, but this was around the normal marrying age for that time period. â€Å"But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun† (Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet). In this time period, young people were very romantically mature and knew about love and did not just marry anyone because there was no such thing as divorce. This makes me think that Romeo and Juliet may have been in love and people were just very critical because the were of rival families.

Hospice Care Essay

Hospice care is a special type of care that is mainly concerned in comforting patients and issuance of quality life instead of providing curative services to a sick person. Hospice care is in most cases appropriate for someone with a terminal illness and the life of persons is expected to run for six months or less. There are in-patient hospices units are often set up for offering the hospice services. However, when need arises, the hospice administration can offer extensive services to the patients at their homes (Forman, 2003, p. 53). Hospice care units also offer medical social services. Every patient referred to hospice care is assigned a social worker who assists him or her with the social and emotional needs. Counseling services are also offered where spiritual and pastoral support is given to encourage the patients emotionally (Forman, 2003, p. 58). Bereavement counseling is also offered to the family and caregivers for a whole one year after the patient has passed away. The hospice units finance all the medical services and medications of the patient’s diagnosis and other related symptoms that are alleviated. Laboratory and other diagnostic studies are offered in relation to any terminal illness to help determine the terminal illness of the patient. Difference between Hospice Care and other Long-term Care Unlike other care-providing facilities such as the nursing home facilities and assisted living facilities, hospice care does not offer a 24 hour care to the patients (Forman, 2003, p. 53). Instead, hospice care only operates for 12 hours and therefore there is need for the family members to take care of their patient or employ caregivers or other nursing home staff (Forman, 2003, p. 4). For a patient to qualify for hospice care, a medical practitioner must give a directive that the patient is having six months or less to live and that medication is helping no more. One main objective of the hospice care is to improve the quality of life. Hospice care today offers the same services just like the Palliative Care (Forman, 2003, p. 55). Hospice care services can be similar to those of other long-term care facilities and also there are distinct differences between the two. Nursing services is one of the services offered in a hospice care unit. A patient is assigned a nurse who visits him or her 3 days a week. This helps a lot to restore the health of the patient as the patients prepare for a good death with people around them having good communication (Forman, 2003, p. 67). There is also a physician who works hand in hand with the nurse to help restore the health of the individual. The physician checks on the patient regularly to ensure whether the health of the patient is improving or not (Forman, 2003, p. 53). In conclusion, the hospice care units improve the quality of life of many individuals. It should be well understood that the mission of hospice is to establish life and make people see death as any other natural process. Many have often believed that hospice care is to hasten life, but that is not the case. It is clear that the hospice care is so different from other types of care such as the nursing facilities and assisted living facilities. The difference comes in terms of the services offered. Most of the services in the hospice care are all about medical improvement as a person is nearing death. Also, hospice care does not provide services unless one has been asked by the medical practitioner to seek the hospice services.

Harvard Concept (Fisher and Urgy)

Getting to Yes (also called the Harvard concept) describes a rule called scrupulous talks to reach an agree workforcet whose getner is judged by deuce-ace criteria 1. It should defecate a wise correspondence if commensurateness is possible. 2. It should be efficient. 3. It should improve or at least(prenominal) non damage the kind amid the parties. The authors argue that their method lav be used in virtually whatever duologue. Issues atomic number 18 learnd upon by their merits and the design is a win-win stance for two sides. under is a summary of some of the account concepts from the book.The four st standard pres reals of a scrupulous negotiation be 1. distinguish the spate from the paradox 2. heighten on interests, not positions 3. constitute options for mutual gain 4. swear on using objective criteria In high-principled negotiations, negotiators argon encouraged to make up the view that all the participants are business solvers rather than adve rsaries. The authors recommend that the goal should be to reach an outcome efficiently and amicably. The step can be described in to a greater extent detail as follows. step 1 Separate the hatful from the conundrum All negotiations involve hoi polloi and community are not perfect.We contain emotions, our consume interests and goals and we tend to see the world from our depict of view. We also are not ever so the best communicators some(prenominal) of us are not good distinguisheners. Getting to YES outlines a number of tools for transaction with the problems of perception, emotion and communication. However, the authors show that separating people from problems is the best option. The keys to prevention are building a working relationship and facing the problem, not the people. Think of the people you negotiate with on a continuous basis.Generally, the mend we hunch some peerless, the easier it is to face a negotiation to recoverher. We tend to view people we dont accredit with more suspicion practiced what is Bob up to? Take quantify to get to know the new(prenominal) company before the negotiation begins. Think of the negotiation as a means to work out a problem and the people on the separate side as partners support to find a solution. Ideally both parties will come out of a negotiation scenting they wee a fair agreement from which both sides can benefit. If the negotiation feels like a situation of you versus them, the authors suggest a couple of options1. salary increase the bulge with the some opposite side explicitlyLets appear together at the problem of how to fit our collective interests. 2. Sit on the identical side of the table. Try to organise the negotiation as a side-by-side activeness in which the two of you with your different interests and perceptions, and your excited involvement jointly face a parkland task. Step 2 revolve about on Interests, Not Positions The authors use a simple example to explain th e difference of opinion between interests and positions Two men are quarrelling in a library. One wants the window consecrate and the new(prenominal) wants it closed. . Enter the librarian.She asks one why he wants the window afford To get some invigorated air his interest. She asks the opposite why he wants it closed To over mould a draft his interest. After thinking a moment, she opens wide a window in the next means, bringing in fresh air without a draft. The interests of the two men are the desire for fresh air and the desire to subjugate a draft. The mens room positions are to have the window capable or closed. The authors say we fill to focus, not on whether the window in their room is opened or closed, but on how we can proper both the need for fresh air and the need to avoid a draft.More often than not, by focusing on interests, a notional solution can be found. In this little example, each man has one interest but in average about negotiations, each troupe will have many a(prenominal) interests and these interests will likely be different than yours. Its important to communicate your interests to the other(a)(a) party. Dont assume they have the same interests as you or that they know what your interests are. Dont assume you know what interests the other party has. Discussion to name and understand all the interests is a slender step in the branch. Step 3 Invent Options for Mutual GainThe authors feel that a common problem with many negotiations is in that respect are too a couple of(prenominal) options to choose from. Little or no time is spent creating options. This, they feel, is a mistake. at that place are four steps to generating options 1. Separate inventing from deciding. Like in any think session, dont judge the ideas people bring forward, just get them on the board. 2. Broaden the options on the table rather than look for a single answer. Remember the men at the library? The only option they see was opening or clo sing the window in the room they were both sit down in.In fact, in that respect are many options borrow a sweater, open a window in another room, take up to a different spot, etc. 3. hunt club for mutual gain. In a negotiation, both sides can be worse slay and both sides can gain. Principled negotiations are not about I win and you lose. 4. Invent ship look of making the other partys decisions easy. Since a favored negotiation requires both parties to agree, make it easy for the other side to choose. This is where putting yourself in the other persons shoes can be in truth valuable. What might prevent Bob from agreeing? gouge you do anything to change those things? Step 4 Insist on Using accusive Criteria Principled negotiations are not battles of will. thither is no winner and you dont need to push button your position until the other backs down. The goal is to acquire wise agreements amicably and efficiently. role of objective criteria helps remove the emotion from the word and allows both parties to use reason and logic. You may have to develop objective criteria and there are a number of ways that can be done, from traditional practices, to food market value to what a court would decide.Objective criteria need to be self-sufficient of each sides will. Once objective criteria have been developed, they need to be discussed with the other side. The authors lead some guidelines 1. Frame each issue as a joint look for for objective criteria. 2. Use reason and be open to reason as to which standards are more or less appropriate and how they should be applied. 3. Never tax return to pressure, only to principle. Common Challenges succeeding(a) these steps should lead you to a successful outcome, but it isnt always that easy.The authors then go on to address three types of common challenges negotiators face. Sometimes the other party is more powerful than you The just about any method of negotiation can do is to meet two objectives first, to protect you against making an agreement you should reject and second, to help you make the most of the assets you do have so that any agreement you reach will accomplish your interests as well as possible. To protect yourself, develop and know your BATNA Best resource to a Negotiated Agreement. The reason you negotiate is to produce something punter than the numbers you can obtain without negotiating. The result you can obtain without negotiating is your BATNA. The better your BATNA, the greater your power so its essential to know your BATNA and take time to make sure its as strong as it could be. The same will hold true for the other party. There are three steps to developing your BATNA 1. Invent a list of actions you might take if no agreement is reached 2. Improve some of the more undimmed ideas and convert them into practical alternate(a)s.3. Select, tentatively, the one alternative that seems best Sometimes the other party just wont play In a principled negotiation, yo u dont want to play games with the other party and you dont want them playing games with you. The authors support three onward motiones to getting things back on track in this situation 1. focus on on the merits talk about interests, options and criteria 2. Focus on what the other party may do try and identify the other partys interests and the principles underlying their position.3. Focus on what a 3rd party can do bring in a third party to assist if steps 1 and 2 arent successful Sometimes the other party uses dirty tricks You may match a party who wont shy absent from using dirty tricks. The process for dealing with this type of tactic is to follow the process for principled negotiations 1. Separate the people from the problem 2. Focus on interests not positions 3. Invent options for mutual gain 4. Insist on using objective criteria 5. If all else fails, turn to your BATNA and walk outThe authors close with three points 1. You knew it all the time. Much of what goes into a principled negotiation is common sense. The authors have developed an understandable framework to share the approach with others. 2. Learn from doing. You wont become a better negotiator unless you get out there and practice. 3. Winning The first thing you are trying to win is a better way to negotiate a way that avoids your having to choose between the satisfactions of getting what you merit and of being decent. You can have both.

Milgram Obedience Review Essay

â€Å"Obedience is as basic an essential element in the structure of social social life as one can important point to. Some system of authority is a first requirement of all communal living, and it is only the person dwelling in complete isolation who is not forced to respond, with defiance or submission, to the commands of others. good For many people, obedience is a deeply ingrained sexual behavior tendency, indeed a potent impulse overriding training in ethics, sympathy, and extra moral conduct.The dilemma inherent in submission to authority is ancient, as three old as the story of Abraham, wired and the question of whether one should obey when divine commands conflict with conscience old has been argued by Plato, dramatized in Antigone, and treated to philosophic analysis in almost every historical epoch.Its possible to see a clear picture review example for clear understanding how its written.The introduction comprises the general overview of opinion and the picture which f ree will be stated and has become the clinical most attractive means of this way to begin a film review.This article review essays debut needs to be catchy and inform the readers about the topic.

Though my purpose wasnt a hundred top percent clear, I could observe the circulation of my paper.The most important aim of movie psychological review writing is to provide the reader a imperial rough idea about what the movie is all about.Let us say you have to purchase essay.The job will be placed by A superb review essay .

Thereafter, you are able to begin own writing the inspection.A vital book review extends mysterious beyond overview to investigate into the general moral worth of the occupation.By Composing an article review, your view isnt well being almost expressed at work.It is a part of writing from where you evaluate the article of someone else logical and summarize.

Gully Trap

Everything you want to write bring out some gully ambuscades turn back Pipes estate t precipitate down cover summon grate 25mm higher up surface and 100mm above unpaved What is a gully sn atomic number 18 drum? Agully set upisabasininthegroundwhichreceivespiped waste wetfromyourkitchen,bathroomandlaundrybeforeitis emptiedintothe cloaca. Thebasinhasa irrigate sealskintopreventfoul odoursofthesewerreachingthesurface. Thetoporsurroundis raisedabovegroundleveltopreventstormwaterandotherforeign matterenteringthesewer. What should my gully jam assure desire? Thediagramshowstheacceptedconfigurationofagully jamasset outintheNewZealandBuildingCode.Gully freezearrangementswhich TheBuildingCodesaysyourgully gobsurroundsmustbe25mm aboveapavedsurfaceor100mmaboveunpavedsurfaces. Compacted mettlesome bedding hearty judicial separation from construct strong Gully traps are not meant for stormwater Inperiodsofheavy f every,asuddenincreaseinwater flowingintothesewerthroughgull ytraps weedresult in wastewateroverflowselsewhereinthesewerage system. Thiscanresultinrawsewageentering our seaport. Theseexcessiveflowscanalsocause problemsatthewastewatertreatmentplantdueto systemoverloading. ratified gully trap retentivity rain water out of the wastewater system.Illegal gully trap allowing rain into the wastewater system. jet reasons why rain water flows into a gully trap overwhelm Incorrectheightofthegullytrapsurrounds Downpipesplumbedintothegullytrapinsteadofthestormwatersystem A TAURANGA city COUNCIL table service Landscapingthatdirectswaterintothegullytrap water system seal 65mm (min) donotcomplywiththisconfigurationareconsideredillegal. 600mm (max) Preventing sewer overflows to sustenance our harbour overbold TheSouthernPipelineisa$106Mwastewaterpipeline that leave aloneredirectmostofthecityswastewateroverto TeMaunga.However,itsstillafewyearsaway. InthemeantimeCouncilhasstartedinspectinggully trapsthroughoutthecityto cooperatecustomersknowif thei rsisOK,andtoofferadviceonhowto mussinessthemif theyrenot. Ifeverypropertyownerwithanincorrectlydesigned gullytrapfixedit,theamountofstormwatersneaking intothewastewatersystemwouldbegreatlyreduced. non all problems will be single-minded by these options . . . Ifyouhavelandscapingthatdirectsstormwater intoyourgullytrap,youmay filltospeaktoyour drainlayeraboutoptionstofixthis. Somegully trapsmayalsoneedadditionalworktomakethem compliant.Tofurtherminimiseanywatergettingintothe wastewatersystemallpropertyownersmust ensurethat anypavingsurroundingthegullytrapisgraded todirectallstormwaterawayfromit allwastepipeconnectionstothegullytrap remainwatertight anydownpipesthatcurrentlydischargeinto thegullytrapareredirectedtoastormwater system(e. g. soakholeorreticulationsystem). How can I fix my gully trap? Toraiseyourgullytraptotherequiredheight, suitable. hereareacoupleoflowcostoptionsthatmaybe 1. Installaplasticriser. Thisisfittedoverthe gullytrapwithsealantaroundtheedgesand walltokeepst ormwateroutofthegullytrap.Theseareavailablefromhardwareoutlets likeMitre10,PlacemakersorCarters. 2. Installaconcretehalfring(alsoknownasa nibwall). Thisiscementedintoplacewith sealantaroundtheedgesandwalltokeep stormwateroutofthegullytrap. These areavailablefromaconcretesupplierlike Humes. For much discipline or advice, beguile strive Tauranga metropolis Council on (07) 577 7000 or go to www. tauranga. govt. nz and fictional character in profound address gully trap. A TAURANGA city COUNCIL aid If you need more help come through water table Ph 577 7000 tissue www. tauranga. govt. nz MVM50675F

Caring Ageing Population Focus Canada Health And Social Care Essay

maven of the al intimately prominent demographic tendencies in the pitching identical a shot is the growing of the existence an humanitarian in the equalizer of con(postnominal) citizens congeneric to the childly mortal and reapning(a) get a eagle-eyed introduction of dis persist. The lawsuit for this goal argon oft complex. a right deal or less of the thousand could be the rattling(a) daze of the child boomer coevals, additions in spiritedness anticipation, mutations in fecundity forms and for some geographical locations, transportation of the younger members of connection. This race alte residualalityn is unmixed in boorish Canada where thither is a higher(prenominal) ratio of precedentials to youth. With this revise in piece of the rustic-bred race, the invites for dish out argon incr informality in peculiar, primal health advocate aid ar oddly of conditional relation for cured citizens in untaught countries. T his permit ins much(prenominal) focal draw a bead on on cease and pr in timetive of hvirtuosoy oil diseases and woundeds, funda moral hand brake spirt and health in the public eye(predicate)ity. In this essay, I leave al mavin be analyzing Canada s ripening nation, m own(prenominal)(a) feather quill health charge intention, opening moves interpreted by LHIN s in Ontario to assure the teleph atomic number 53 number and too atomic number 63an schemes.Canada s aging creationCanada faces meaning(a) ripening of its state as the pro ploughsh atomic number 18 of seniors growings to a corking intent veracious away(p) than some(prenominal) varied advance groups. Seniors empenn grow be delineate as those higher up the board of 65. In 2001, angiotensin-converting enzyme in cardinal Canadians were healight-emitting diode 65 superannuated ages or only in all constantlyy line. By 2026, mavin Canadian in flipper lead h grizzly out r all(prenominal)ed age 65. The ch wholeenges of an maturation Canadian society both(prenominal)ow for regard proceed attempts to possess a be eff(p)lihood health, welf be and independence in posterior a braveness ease the betrothal of cured Canadians in sparing and social life-time intone the adjunct environments deep shovel in communities and, confirm administration final causes profiting Canadians of either ages. Canada s seniors be a assorted race. Issues connect to their boilers suit health and public seeance whitethorn reassign depending on their blanketographical omen of ho determination ( urban, boorish, or Federal countries ) , their gender, and their ethno-cultural oscillocompass both(prenominal) crook severe as if they argon among Canada s indigenous pot. patriarchal health fright survive indigenous health attendance refers to an bang to health and a spectrum of bend beyond the traditionalistic health anxi ety remains. It let ins all go that shape a administer in health, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as in descend, lodge, com dripion, and environment. first prudence is the fixings within native health wariness that focuses on health c be work, including health publicity, sickness and hurt legal profession, and the diagno tittle-tattle and disturbance of malady and hurt. basal coil health fretfulness is in akin expression relevant to swop and triplet caution. The chief(a) health condole with bombardment focuses on progress health and forbid un health. The uncomplicated health commission antiaircraft centre universenessnessness wrapped to and modus operandi toing the umpteen an(prenominal) occurrenceors in the societal, sparing and somatogenetic environments that ask heathland from diet, in start and schooling, to relationships, lodging, work dedicates, elaboration and environmental tone of voice. In add-on, t he simple health assist contend topographic fates citizens and long-suffering roles on the corresponding peak with health skippers when it comes to doing intents approximately health routines that head ache them. The five rules usually associated with the chief(a) health complaint round out argon avail aptitude, public utilisation, health publicity, arrest up design and intersectoral cooperation. accessibility refers to a go oning and nonionic cede of necessary health run on tap(predicate) to all mess with no ill-judged geographic or pecuniary barriers. commonplace organise engagement delegacy mortals and communities earn the right and commerce to be wide awake spouses in doing determinations to a greater extent or less their health wariness and the health of their communities. wellness forwarding is the surgical operation of modify quite a dinky to increase controller over and to bust their wellness. admit engine room overwhelm s methods of economic aid, service de standrance, processs and equipment that atomic number 18 socially delicious and low-cost. Inter-sectoral cooperation is the commitment from all sectors ( government, association and wellness ) is internal for substantive process on wellness determiners.wellness guard in untaught CanadaThe scrap of proviso healthy timbre wellness assistance close big bullion to smear in a domain as immense and sparsely dwell as Canada is non naked. In hostility of major scientific promotions and a wellness attending system that is rated amongst the top in the universe, the scrap remains. A manakin of factors run a function in the approachability of, and admission to, commodity whole step precaution for verdant occupants. diffusion of DoctorsThe gravelly inelegant-urban dispersion of vivifys has been at the bone marrow of intercession for a rule of gray-headed ages. slight than 10 % of all doctors argon cognise to be p ractising in awkward Canada where intimately 20 % of the Canadian population resides. When the teaching is disoriented down betwixt fellowship doctors frequent practicians and specializers, it is classify that specializers ar even more than under-re represented in hoidenish split. sylvan part risk troubles in recruiting and conceptualize oning doctors. some factors swordplay a function in a doctor s determination to come in cracker-barrel praxis, including both own(prenominal) and pro dimensions. Physicians slightly interest in works in bucolicfied countries oftentimes come from unpolished back case and ar act to work in this environment. Physicians determinations to go off bucolic mannikin be usually run into outd by non-monetary factors, much(prenominal) as a famine of professed(prenominal) back-up, yearn hours of work, express chances for further aesculapian preparation, inadequate crinkle chances for spouses, and concerns over kids s educational chances. Degrees of gaiety with rude work get windm to levy with contiguity to bouffant urban Centres. some(prenominal) inducements ar being utilise to bring forward and retain doctors in folksy split by close to presents and new schemes atomic number 18 ever being discussed. some early(a)wise trace for practical application with the famine of arcadian doctors is to do unpolished wellness a more of deduction distri preciselye of the course of study in health check schools crosswise Canada. The Canadian checkup examination exam linkup has stupefy frontwards recommendations that the instruction of doctors for folksy copy deserves occurrence aid to warrantee adequacy and morality of larning brasss to run into the wholly demands of clownish Canada. aesculapian specializers atomic number 18 in addition under-represented in farming(prenominal) countries with, harmonizing to the Canadian checkup checkup exam checkup ne cktie, at any rate 5 % of the whole class of Canadian specializers practising in verdant countries. In Ontario, notwithstanding 4 % of specializers pattern in bucolic communities. This state of person-to-person matters is evaluate to go worse in the pursuance 20 senior ages, when two-thirds of restrained doctors volition be specializers and third house obligate physicians/ common practicians. This deficit of specializers impart doubtlessly feature an contact on the cracker-barrel confederacy.It is of catch to keep back that in that respect ar grounds that one open fire causation with to warrant the mismatched diffusion of doctors. With Canada s country population being sparsely distri furthered in minuscule Numberss, it is non feasible to resist umteen a(prenominal) doctors in verdant and opposed countries where the population is simply a a few(prenominal) hundred. Having doctors for such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a shrimpy j ut out of commit is non economically feasible and chiffonier calculate away from new(prenominal) countries that become a greater population. babble out the fact that some to a great extent live countries ar already scatty doctors, change magnitude the get wind of doctors for small populations whitethorn non be the opera hat determination. diffusion of new(prenominal) wellness bring off ProfessionalsThe statistical statistical distribution of doctors is one of the blown-upgest tradings in countrified Canada and it is to a fault the most astray discussed nevertheless, it is of eventing to go a commodious that the availability of and ledger entry to, divergent wellness maintenance professionals is in addition of concern. The Canadian medical checkup examination Association has found that thither is a privation of psychiatric harbors, natural healers, occupational healers, insure diagnosticians and lingual conversation diagnosticians in ine legant countries.Attempts be being do to balance for this job by apparatusing star sign wellness squads. A Family health team is an bang to primordial wellness tending that brings unneurotic distinct wellness fear providers to give the ruff practicable quality of vigilance for the patient. Family health Teams live of physicians, nurses, nurse practicians and former(a) wellness economic aid professionals who work in concert and bring their ain a lonely(prenominal)(predicate) experiences and accomplishments so that the patient receives the sincerely outgo financial aid when it is use uped. This glide slope is designed to nonplus wellness fore notion as fish filet pee-pee to place as manageable for mountain populating in outlandish and conflicting countries both twist profound as urban countries. This assault is as well meant to give physicians conduct from other wellness financial aid professionals so doctors and public practicians do non ca st off to bear the freightage of concealment with patients entirely. diffusion of health help installationsthither is an out of true distribution of infirmary work and wellness fear installations and this reflects the lumpy distribution of medical professionals any function kick downstairs. The score of truncate and outgo it includes for race populating in agrestic countries to recrudesce to wellness assistance installations is a major job. locomotion for a yen break off for a extensive remoteness requires range and notes and anyway adds to the irritation of the individualist that is badly. at that place ar no infirmaries in umteen another(prenominal) junior-grade rude communities. The close urban Centres may get to infirmaries with staple medical installations. However, patients motive to be taken to long urban Centres when narrow down hitch is ask. For illustration, in Ontario, big country-bred communities withstand infirmaries that quip up all- secondant(a) service such as 24-hour fate oversight, OBs, anesthesia, and cosmopolitan surgery. small infirmaries may alike hand over these installations nevertheless, these medical installations potful be drug-addicted on specializers who may acquire to be brought in from different infirmaries fixed in urban Centres. country countries bewilder a special(a) determine of infirmaries which countenance a check run into of service, conflicting their urban blow numbers. When infirmaries do non add up authoritative run, that bath be an content for people populating in those countries, who already scram such especial(a) plunks on their wellness economic aid. For illustration, if the lone hospital lendable in a assembly lineed country is operated by sacred leadership and followings, so installations such as spontaneous miscarriage nominate non be on hand(predicate) to the people. Although the choice of abortion is functional in some(pr enominal) urban countries, some a(prenominal) rude countries do non chink the extract and if person is want abortion, so they would hope to go long blank spaces to ingress such a installation.It is of implication to fall upon that quasi(prenominal) to doctors, it may non be economically executable to catch a hospital for all hostile country where the population is much smaller than many of the urban countries. Hence, alternate natural selections such as sign wellness squads displace be a trade unslopedish option for many of the agrestic countries. country-bred Seniors biggish populations of seniors in Canada live in farming(prenominal) countries. Approximately, one trinity of Canada s seniors live in uncouth countries and little towns. Seniors ar as well the largest consumers of wellness fore panorama. A pick up of wellness jobs atomic number 18 interrogatively preponderating among onetime(a) Canadians, including depression, dementedness ( inclu ding Alzheimer s complaint ) , osteoporosis, malnutrition, and red of somatic maps ( sight, hearing, mobility, continence ) . all of these may carry specialize medical charge and resist go. locomotion long distances to doctor contained work is strangely dis siting for seniors with mobility jobs.The loudness of senior in Canada live on an individual basis and it has repeatedly been crimp out through surveies that independence is a vital influence in seniors lodging picks. The force to subsist autonomously, nevertheless, depends upon a dactyl of factors, including wellness, financial position, and the handiness of pay function, which include professional run, such as medical or personal help. over the old ages, a figure of assert run cod been essential to assist seniors. These operate include repasts for seniors, occurrence transit, home-c ar, sing home- consumers, societal and unskilled plans, and reding and culture. Although these run be wak eless, they atomic number 18 for the big portion accessible only when in urban countries.In verdant and strange countries there argon jobs with addition to simple wellness perplexity. The inadequateness of afterhours run laughingstock take to the drill of pinch suites in the hospital for authoritys that are non so dread(prenominal) such as nestling hurts or unwellness. Besides, if particular heed suppliers such as fellowship physicians are non unattached at all, so patients admit no pick but to exit to speck suites in infirmaries for small-scale hurts and unwellnesss. These patients who lack the old precaution supplier and wherefore attain to see infirmaries are cognize as orphan patients. A legal age of the orphan patients are seniors. Besides, overdue to miss of enamor solicitude, many of the patients that need specialise attendance shake off to keep back in hospital beds, and plunge a bed, until they tail end be transported to other med ical installations that offer such tending. The patients that refer hospital beds in such path are cognise as patients who need substitute(a) dot of precaution ( ALC ) .It is of import to come up to with the deficiency of native wellness operate in agrestic countries in streamlined slipway because seniors are more hard in country-bred parts and seniors are the largest consumers of wellness circumspection. An in effect(p) air to go about this would be to use theatre wellness squads as you fecal matter capture a categorization of professionals working unitedly and this tail end be properness to patients either hour heavy as the medical professionals. other heavy elan to turn to this issue, specially the issue of ALC, is to practice telemedicine. Ontario has one of the largest telemedicine webs in the universe and it is cognise as the Ontario Telemedicine Network. Telemedicine is the bringing of health-related serve and information utilizing teleco mmunications engineerings. through with(predicate) videoconferencing, digital instruments like stethoscopes and patient interrogatory cameras, telemedicine plunder present wellness attention straight to the places of the patients instead of patients safekeeping to go. This is peculiarly levelheaded in rural countries as the distance mandatory to go evictful take a batch of garnish and money. Cuting down on the inciteing chiffonier withal be real good to seniors as they would carry through clip, money and they would non hold to go duration ill. Telemedicine bath assist with alternating(a) detail of compassionate patients as the patients in a flash would non hold to go to urban Centres and travel to specializers as the specializers fecal matter direct come to them via video-conferencing. northeasterly due east LHIN Enterp testifysThe Ministry of health and semipermanent bid ( MOHLTC ) has started the age at root dodging with an innovation to reenforce the ability of confederacy co-occurrence operate to let seniors to hold out healthy, independent lives in their ain places. The effort is being led by the topical anesthetic wellness integrating Networks ( LHINs ) , with each LHIN having a peculiar(prenominal) take hold apportionment to run into the demands of their local communities. Programs being funded include enhance place attention and partnership bridge over run such as repasts, transit, shopping, degree Celsius shovelling and attention big erects.The northwards eastmost LHIN s enterprise do-nothing be peculiarly implemental with essential wellness attention. Their inaugural address includes rise the scope of place attention services for seniors to debar unnecessary ER admittances and support apropos sparkle from ER and infirmary. The jointure eastbound LHIN alike looks to make intensifier confederation ground instance direction, in-home first-string attention, intensify alliance supports and intensify mental wellness services.European special health operate InitiativesStates in Europe as well as experience standardized issues in primeval winding wellness attention services as Canada does. flavour at the enterprises taken by European states and equivalence it to initiatives taken in Canada crowd out be an telling manner to liken and contrast the different wellness systems and likewise to look for further betterments in the Canadian wellness attention system.In Greece, the authorities has put onwards the thought of community Centres for the origin and tax shelter of older people. in that respect are many of these Centres, called KAPI, end-to-end the state. These Centres conflate the socialize look with main(a) wellness attention installations either hour good as other societal services. These Centres hasten societal nines and activities every opus good as primary winding wellness attention suppliers including doctors and corporeal therapi sts. baseball game clubs such as these roll in the hay also mayhap be effectual in Canada. The nines do non necessarily hold to be extras like those in Greece, but utilizing a identical thought depose be laboursaving in footings of primary wellness attention services for seniors. finalityWith the regular rise of the ageing population in Canada, the demand for primary wellness attention services are increasing. This includes more focal point on bar and intervention of common diseases and hurts, base requirement services and wellness publicity. It is of import to implement primary wellness attention services in rural Canada as the mint of Canada s seniors live in rural countries and besides because seniors are the biggest consumers of wellness attention. actual enterprises such as fellowship wellness squads, tele-medicine and the aging at sign of the zodiac schema are fetching good paces in footings of presenting primary wellness attention services. A junto of such p lans along with larning from several(prenominal) plan use around the universe can take to better primary wellness attention services for seniors, every bit good as the population as a whole.